Naloxone: Frequently Asked Questions

Where can I get naloxone?

Narcan, a brand of naloxone nasal spray, is now available over-the-counter and can be found at major pharmacy chains such as Walgreen’s, CVS, Rite Aid, Target and Wal-Mart, as well as some independent drugstores. Other brands of nasal sprays and injectable naloxone are often available from public health agencies or community organizations. Naloxoneforall.org provides state-based information on accessing naloxone along with related resources and services.

Will naloxone help if the person overdosed on drugs other than opioids?

No, it only works to reverse an overdose involving opioids.

If I don’t know what the person used, should I administer naloxone anyway?

Yes, naloxone is a very safe drug and will not adversely impact someone who has overdosed on other drugs or alcohol.

I’ve heard friends say that a cold shower, coffee or other stimulants can help with an overdose. Should I try that?

No, if someone is in respiratory distress the best course of action is to call 911 and administer naloxone along with rescue breathing.

If the person begins breathing on their own after giving them naloxone, why should I bother calling 911?

Naloxone only last for 30 to 90 minutes so it’s possible that the person could go into respiratory arrest again due to the opioids still in their system. Medical professionals can help provide the necessary treatment to prevent respiratory failure. In 2023, the FDA approved a nalmefene nasal spray (brand name Opvee) which is meant to last longer than naloxone and decrease the risk of re-overdose but it may also cause longer-lasting withdrawal symptoms.

I’ve heard that fentanyl is so powerful that 1 or 2 doses of naloxone may not be enough. Is that true?

Yes, overdoses involving fentanyl may require repeated administrations of naloxone to restore breathing.

My child is in rehab and I expect that they will be committed to recovery when they gets out, so why do I need to get a naloxone kit?

The relapse rate associated with opioid use has been estimated to be as high as 90 percent. As a precautionary measure, it’s important to have naloxone in the home. Just as you don’t anticipate having a fire, you probably have a smoke detector in the home – this is the same kind of precautionary measure that you hope you never have to use.

Won’t the person who overdosed be arrested for possession and potentially other charges if 911 is called and the police arrive?

Many states have passed overdose prevention laws, which support treatment instead of arrests. Check your state’s laws.

What legal protections are there for the person administering the naloxone so that if something goes wrong, they aren’t held responsible?

Most states have passed Good Samaritan Laws for the protection of the person administering the naloxone. Check your state’s laws.

If I don’t have any naloxone and someone has overdosed, what should I do?

Call 911 and perform rescue breathing until the paramedics arrive.

What’s the price and availability of Naloxone?

Price and availability vary. Over-the-counter Narcan is currently retailing for approximately $45 for two doses. Some formulations are covered by insurance policies. Free naloxone may also be available in your community. Naloxoneforall.org provides state-based information on accessing naloxone along with related resources and services.

You can also find current prices and providers in your area by visiting goodrx.com. Add your zip code and type in “Narcan.”

Some manufacturers will provide naloxone at no charge for people who cannot afford the cost. Contact the manufacturer’s website – such as Narcan – for information on these programs.

Does naloxone expire?

There is an expiration date on naloxone, however research indicates that it can be effective well beyond the expiration date on packaging; in some cases months and years later. The safest practice is to get a replacement (setting a reminder on your phone’s calendar) but in the case of an emergency, it’s better to use an expired dose than to not administer anything.

Will naloxone go bad if it is stored in a place that’s too hot or cold?

Yes, check the packaging to see what temperature range is recommended. Generally, room temperature is advised.

If I keep naloxone in the house, won’t my child think that they can use more drugs because there’s an antidote available?

No, there is no evidence that shows drug usage increases as a result of having naloxone available. Most overdoses among young people occur at home with a bystander present so it’s always best to err on the safe side and be prepared in case of an emergency.